![]() ![]() This exhibits the strong cultural identity of Rajasthani people as opposed to religious identity. Rajasthani Muslim communities, after their conversion, continued to follow pre-conversion practices (Rajasthani rituals and customs) which is not the case in other parts of the country. Converts to Islam still maintained many of their earlier traditions. They are mainly Meo, Mirasi, Khanzada, Qaimkhani, Manganiar, Muslim Ranghar, Merat, Sindhi-Sipahi, Rath, and Pathans. Rajasthani Muslims are predominantly Sunnis. ![]() Historically, the Gujars were Sun-worshipers and are described as devoted to the feet of the Sun-god. The Gujars worship the Devnarayan, Shiva, and Goddess Bhavani. Meerabai ( मीराबाई) was an important figure who was devoted Krishna. The Rajputs generally worship the Karni Mata, Sun, Shiva, Vishnu, and Bhavani (Goddess Durga). The Jats worship the Shiva, Vishnu, Sun, Moon and Bhavani (Goddess Durga). The Charans worship various forms and incarnations of Shakti such as Hinglaj or Durga, Avad Mata, Karni Mata, and Khodiyar. Meenas of Rajasthan till date strongly follow Vedic culture which usually includes worship of Bhainroon (Shiva) and Krishna as well as the Durga. The Khatiks of Rajasthan worship Shiva, Kali (kalika ma), Bhavani, and Ram as well as Hanuman. Shaivism and Vaishnavism is followed by majority of the people however, Shaktism is followed in the form of Bhavani and her avatars are equally worshiped throughout Rajasthan. Rajasthani society is a blend of predominantly Hindus with sizable minorities of Muslims, Sikhs and Jains. Around 1500 BC, it formed a part of the Matsya territories of Viratnagar (present-day Bairat) encompassing Bharatpur, Dholpur, and Karauli. The erstwhile state of Alwar, in north-eastern Rajasthan, is possibly the oldest kingdom in Rajasthan. Like other Indo-Aryan peoples, modern day Rajasthanis and their ancestors have inhabited Rajasthan since ancient times. Rajasthan was among the important centres of trade with Rome, eastern Mediterranean and southeast Asia. Rajasthanis emerged as major merchants during medieval India. With time, their social structures received stronger reorganizations, thus giving birth to several martial sub ethnic groups (previously called as Martial race but the term is now obsolete ). Saka calendar (also been adopted as Indian national calendar) is used by the Rajasthani community and adjoining areas such as Punjab and Haryana. They were the successors to the Indo-Scythians who invaded the area of Ujjain and established the Saka era (with Saka calendar), marking the beginning of the long-lived Saka Western Satraps kingdom. Western Kshatrapas (35-405 BC) were rulers of the western part of India (Saurashtra and Malwa: modern Gujarat, Southern Sindh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan). Īlthough the history of Rajasthan goes back as far as the Indus Valley civilization, the foundation of the Rajasthani community took shape with the rise of Western Middle Kingdoms such as Western Kshatrapas. ![]() The local dialects of the time use the expression Rājwār, the place or land of kings, later Rajputana. However, western Rajasthan and eastern Gujarat were part of "Gurjaratra". Rajasthan literally means the Land of Kingdoms. The first mention of the word Rajasthan comes from the works of George Thomas ( Military Memories) and James Tod ( Annals).
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